Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Fruit Extracts of Hydnora africana Thumb

Abstract

This study was aimed to identify phytochemical screening of the medically important species; Hydnora africana fruit extracts and to evaluate its potential antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The samples were collected from Karal village west Nyala, South Darfur State Sudan. The extraction of crude was carried out at Standards and Metrology Laboratories in (El-Obeid) then analyzed at National Research Center in Khartoum in December 2020. Phytochemical screening of secondary metabolites of the plant crude extracts (methanol, acetone, petroleum ether, chloroform and distilled water) were carried out. The results revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, quinones, cardiac glycosides, xanthoproteins, glycosides, steroids, phenols, resins and carboxylic acid in different concentrations. The antioxidant activity of the extract of Hydnora Africana exhibited A maximum DPPH scavenging activity of acetone extract was 88% whereas for the standard propyl gallate was (82±0.01). The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluted using diffusion assay against two Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and two Gram negative bacteria: Eschericha coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi candida albicans, the methanolic extract was active against fungi candida albicansat concentration 100mg/ml. The methanol and acetone extracts were active but the petroleum ether extract was partially active against four types of bacteria, but the chloroform and distilled water extracts were inactive against four types of bacteria and fungi and no distinct inhibition zones at Concentration 100mg/ml. This study Recommend further antimicrobial activity test against others types of bacteria and fungi and use modern analytical methods of bioactive components in the plant